The Park City was launched on March 15, 1898 at 5:10 PM before a crowd
of one thousand spectators. The launch was a major occurrence for the villagewhich
had not launched a vessel of the Park City's size in many years. When the
Park City was launched Miss Margaret Woodhull of Bridgeport, CT released
two white doves into the air and all the bells and whistles of the steamships
in the harbor, and the local manufactories sounded. A cannon at the end
of the steamboat wharf fired a salute to add to the festivities.
Park City was named Bridgeport, CT. The vessel's name being Bridgeport's
nickname.
The Park City was substantially larger than her predecessor the Nonowantuc,
which dated from 1883. The ship is reported to have cost roughly $50,000
to build, $29,000 of which came from the revenues the Nonowantuc amassed
since 1883. The Park City was not built under the terms of a conventional
shipbuilding contract, which usually specified a final price and payment
increments. Instead she was built on a per day basis; a rather unique
and somewhat risky method of constructing a ship (BDE-3/16/1895). Captain
Charles E. Tooker was the largest stockholder of this vessel and wouldcommand
her.
"...The Park City, while
longer than the Nonowantuc, looks similar, but without masts, and is expected
to be a much faster and better boat in every way with an upper deck cabin
and several state rooms. Her dimensions are: keel, 143 feet; over
all, 150 feet; depth and beam, 10 and 28 feet, with a net and gross tonnage
of 208 and 898 tons. Her fore and aft compound engine with 20 and
42 inch cylinders is expected to get her from dock to dock in sixty-odd
minutes." PJ Echo-3/19/1898
An idea of her cabin arrangements
can be gained through the following excerpt of a Brooklyn Daily Eagle article:
"The freight room is located
on the main deck, aft of which is the main saloon, 33 feet by 20 feet.
It is richly trimmed in cherry and upholstered in leather. Above this is
the women's cabin, which is finished in quartered oak and will be upholstered
in olive plush. Just forward are eight state rooms and next is a smoking
room, finished in bird's eye maple. Forward of this and aft of the pilot
house are the captain's quarters, which are finished in mahogany and will
be upholstered in crimson plush. George M. Tooker, who is to act as purser
on the Park City, has finely appointed quarters adjoining the main saloon....The
frame is of oak and chestnut covered with selected oak planking 3 inches
in thickness. The walls are also of oak. She will be painted white (BDE-3/16/1895)
After her launch the Park City was towed to Bridgeport by the Nonowantuc
in order to receive her machinery, this took about two weeks. The Park
City's 800 horsepower compound engine, built by the Pacific Engine Works
of Bridgeport, gave her a top speed of 15 knots. Her propeller was 8 feet,
6 inches in diameter. She carried six metallic lifeboats and two life rafts
when built. The Park City's crew consisted of nine men and she could carry
500-600 passengers when fully loaded. After her machinery was installed
the Park City returned to Port Jefferson to have the final joinery work
installed in the areas of her superstructure left open for her machinery
to be installed. Unlike the Nonowantuc, the Park City was not equipped
with masts or staysails.
Although painted white with a black funnel for her first season, like the
Nonowantuc, she wore a different paint scheme thereafter. For almost all
of her years of service on the Line the Park City was painted black between
the rail atop her bulwark and the waterline. Above that the vessel was
painted white. Her steel funnel and engine room vents were painted black.
This was the standard paint scheme all of the Line's vessels wore until
the Martha's Vineyard was acquired in 1968, with the sole
exception of the short serving
paddle wheel steamer Victor.
The Park City was also was adorned by some gold decorative scroll work
at her stem and a large, carved eagle spreading its wings atop the front
of the pilot house. This golden colored bird made quite an impression on
those who saw it. It remained with the vessel long after such decorative
features fell from favor, as if it were watching over the vessel.
In the Park City's era getting a tan was not desirable. The fact that prolonged
exposure to the sun makes one look older and increases the likelihood of
skin cancer was unknown at the time. Tans were for people who worked in
the fields. Young woman desired a fair complexion, which is why parasols
were so popular during the 19th Century. To ensure that their respectable
clientele did not arrive in port with red faces the Park City's owners
outfitted the vessel with an attractive canvas awning that ran along the
sides of the vessel's upper deck, which was already sheltered by the overhang
of the deckhouse roof.
Since people in that era usually traveled in good clothes, rather than
the tee shirts and shorts often seen today, the Line saw to it that their
clothes were not soiled. This was especially important during the peak
summer season when women and little girls frequently wore white dresses.
A 1909 newspaper article drew attention to this when it stated:
"The fact that soft coal is not used on the steamer Park City is very much
appreciated by the traveling public. Ladies and children can therefore
go dressed in snowy white with the assurance of a presentable appearance
when they return home." (Unidentified article cited in Steamboat Bill,
Spring 1983, p.5)
Hard coal, known more properly as anthracite, was the coal of choice. Not
only did less ash fall on the passengers, less fell on the steamship making
it easier to keep the vessel in immaculate condition. Bituminous, or soft
coal, was only resorted to when anthracite was in short supply, such as
occurred during coal mine strikes.
The Park City proved popular and reliable in service, but the company is
reported to have found it harder to turn a profit in the years following
her completion. Like the Nonowantuc, the Park City moonlighted as a tow
boat in local waters when she was not carrying passengers. Her sturdy build
seems to have allowed her to function well in both roles, although towing
was definitely a secondary roll.
A role the Park City was better suited for was that of excursion boat,
and this was an area in which she excelled at when not running her usual
route. Over the years excursions became a major source of income for the
Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat Company. Special excursions were
run from a somewhat isolated Port Jefferson to the Savin Rock and Steeplechase
Island (later Pleasure Beach) amusement parks, or to the Beardsley Park
zoo near Bridgeport's north side. Ground transport in Connecticut was included
in the passenger's fare and provided in conjunction with the local trolley
lines (Steamboat Bill, Spring 1983).
The flow went both ways and on Labor Day in 1900 it was reported that 600
people visited Port Jefferson for the day. There they rode a merry-go-round
set up on Water street and watched yacht races. On the journey over, as
well as on the trip home, they were entertained aboard the Park City by
a small orchestra playing the popular tunes of the era (Steamboat Bill,
Spring 1983).
In 1901 the Park City was chartered by E. D. Morgan, the former commodore
of the Atlantic Yacht Club. She was outfitted to carry him and his party
to a yacht race that would determine what boat would represent the United
States at the next America's Cup Race. For this occasion she was
fitted with additional bath rooms, state rooms, and ice boxes.
In 1898 when the Park City was built few, if any, could have foreseen the
immense popularity the automobile would enjoy a scant twenty years later.
While the automobile, and especially the buses and trucks that followed,
destroyed many a steamship line, the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat
Company was fairly quick to put itself in a position to profit from the
situation. The line formed a subsidiary company after the First World War
called the Long Island Shipyard, Inc., which purchased and ran John T.
Mather's old marine railway after the dissolution of Port Jefferson's steel
shipyard. This allowed the firm to control the cost of maintaining its
vessels.
In 1921 the Park City was hauled out and extensively repaired and modified
to carry automobiles. While the ship had carried automobiles and wagons
for nearly its entire career, the new modifications better suited the Park
City to carry more of them. The deckhouse was entirely gutted at the main
deck level and a turntable was placed inside the house at the stern. This
allowed automobiles to be turned around during the loading and unloading
process. The autos were still loaded via the gap in the main deck bulwark
located before the deckhouse as had been done with wagons. The front of
the deckhouse had been opened up to allow automobiles to drive inside.
Room was made for automobiles at the expense of the vessel's Victorian
main deck saloon and eight state rooms. The saloon was displaced by the
vehicles, and the state rooms were removed to make up for the passenger
space lost when saloon was removed. A final change involved the wheel house
and its trademark eagle. The wheel house had stood on the saloon deck,
or second level of the vessel's superstructure, but during the modifications
it was raised up to sit atop the saloon deck's roof. Photos of the Park
City taken after 1921 are easily recognized by the eagle's loftier perch.
After her modifications the Park City was authorized to carry an amazing
880 passengers per trip during the summer months. In January 1932 the Bridgeport
& Port Jefferson had $170,000 in property and a savings of $150,000
on hand. The Line was planning to replace the thirty four year old Park
City when the "bottom dropped out of the business" during the Great Depression
(1983 commemorative, p.17). This was bad for the company, but good for
the old steamship. It meant they could not afford to replace her.
One of the events that made the Park City legendary along the Sound occurred
during 1938, for that was the year that the "Great Hurricane of 1938" descended
on the Northeast wrecking many vessels and killing many at sea and on the
land. On September 21st the Park City left the old Mather/Jones dock (now
referred to as the "Ferry dock") precisely at 2 PM and headed across the
Sound as she always did. While in mid voyage 90 mile an hour winds suddenly
swept down upon the Park City. Huge seas broke over the vessel flooding
the engine room. The Park City, like many coastal vessels of the era, was
not at that time equipped with wireless and therefore could not call for
help. Even if she had, most ships, even much larger ones, had all they
could do in looking after their own survival. The Park City's running mate,
the larger Pricilla Alden, had left Bridgeport at the same time the Park
City had departed Port Jefferson. Her captain realized early on that the
storm quickly approaching was going to be of
extraordinary force and
ordered the vessel to come about. He wisely beat a hasty retreat back to
Bridgeport's sheltered harbor.
When the Park City failed to appear at Bridgeport or Port Jefferson there
was much concern. Certainly it crossed many people's mind that she may
have gone down with all hands like the steamship Portland had in the great
gale of 1898. As it was, many vessels and shoreline structures were lost
in the storm, and there had been numerous fatalities.
In order to locate the missing vessel numerous points along the coast were
contacted by telephone, where the lines were not damaged that is. Captain
Vail Tooker, who was the son of the Line's founder, was at the time of
the storm serving as the Line's General Manager. On that day he had shipped
aboard the Park City to fill in for the purser. When the vessel failed
to make it into port his devoted wife spent the night awaiting the vessel's
arrival on Port Jefferson's ferry dock. She passed the time staring out
to sea in a vain attempt to sight the missing vessel.
The Priscilla Alden had survived the storm at her pier in Bridgeport and
by 5:30 AM the next morning she cleared the debris at the mouth of Bridgeport's
harbor and set out in search her running mate. Fortunately the Park City
had not gone to her grave. As the Eastern Steamship Line's steamer Sandwich
made her way down the Long Island Sound that morning she stumbled on the
battered Park City bobbing at anchor 7 ½ miles East of Stratford
Shoals Light. Hard work and the outstanding seamanship of Captain Raymond
Dickinson and Captain Vail Tooker kept the forty year old vessel afloat.
Her crew and two male passengers had manned the Park City's hand pumps
for about 18 hours before help came. Also aboard were three women and a
baby girl.
The tough little steamer was then towed into Port Jefferson by the U.S.
Coast Guard Cutter Galatea, many other vessels were not so lucky.
Following the storm the Park City and Pricilla Alden were put into dockyard
hands for additional safety modifications. In the case of the Park City
this meant the installation of additional watertight bulkheads. By April
1939 she was once more ready for service. The Park City also received new
boilers sometime between 1932 and 1939 at the cost of $20,000. It is probable
that they were replaced while she was having these new safety features
added.
The Park City enjoyed a long and active career. The length of which becomes
clear when measured with that of her longtime chief engineer Vinal Edwards.
He started working aboard
the Park City as chief engineer in 1899, and remained in that position
until 1940 when he retired. During this time he also served as President
of the company in 1937, yet apparently he still performed his role in the
Park City's boiler room (Bridgeport Sunday Post May 8, 1955). After he
retired, the Park City continued on plying the Long Island Sound, just
as she had done before he had arrived for his first day of work.
In 1949 the Park City's remarkable career came to a close and she was retired
from service. After so many years of service on the Sound she was still
affectionately known by many as "The Lady of Long Island Sound", although
some newcomers took a dimmer view of the antiquated ship. The steamship
line had acquired a larger steel hulled vessel in 1946 and this allowed
the old Park City to be relegated to excursions. In her final season the
Park City was used on excursion trips down the Sound to the Playland amusement
park at Rye Beach in Westchester County.
After her retirement from the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Steamboat
Company the elderly Park City remained idle for a period of time, tied
to the ferry dock within a few hundred feet of where she was launched back
in 1898. In 1951 she was sold to Harry Hanby of New Smyrna, Florida.
He chose to use her aged, but stout, hull in the Gulf of Mexico shrimp
fishery. The vessel's superstructure was cut down and she departed from
New York towing a barge. However, the Park City never made it to her new
home. She foundered not far from New York on her way South on August 8,
1951. While under Handby's personal command bound for Houston, Texas, with
barge still in tow, the Park City sank quickly. Of the nine aboard, two
were lost. One man's body was found after he drowned and the other was
never seen again. The exact reason for her loss has never really been determined.
Although some have since reported that she was lost due to a boiler explosion,
that was ruled out. It was claimed by those aboard that she sank after
striking an unknown submerged object off Manasquan, NJ. In the end the
U.S. Coast Guard accepted this as the cause of her sinking, although no
submerged object was located in the area. Today her wreck lies 1.1 miles
East of Bay Head in 65 ft. of water. Much of the wreck was dragged to prevent
her from becoming a menace to navigation. Little that resembles a ship
can be found.
In Port Jefferson it was said that perhaps the Park City died of a broken
heart, having been forced away from the waters she called home for so many
years. In her time the Park City became very much an institution in Port
Jefferson and the vessel was mourned even before she was lost. Two months
before she went down an article appeared in the Port Jefferson Times that
sounded very much like an obituary. Albert G. Hallock, the grandson of
the shipbuilder Henry H. Hallock, summed up the fierce loyalty that many
in the village felt for what others dismissed as a floating anachronism:
"She was a "personality!" who would ever have thought of referring to her
as "it!" ....Because of her peculiar identification with the history of
this village, she was much more in our hearts than any other boat in her
place can ever be, however efficient. ...Not only has Park City,
shuttling between this place and Bridgeport, been a solid, substantial
and indeed, fundamental institution here throughout her 53 years of service,
but she has been, in the hearts and minds of all that knew her, both a
symbol and a tradition. (Albert G. Hallock in Port Jefferson Times, 6/5/1951)"
The above article was submitted
on 04/23/2004 by Lawrence N. Mirsky - Lawrence.Mirsky@Columbiamanagement.com
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